Conflict Transformation Mechanisms in Dassanech, Hamer, and Nyangatom Agro-pastoralist and Pastoralist Community of Ethiopia

Abstract

 The purpose of the study is to investigate conflict transformation mechanisms to secure pastoralism and agro-pastoralism in Dassanech, Hamer, and Nyangatom rural community of south Omo Ethiopia, east Africa. To achieve the stated purpose, qualitative research approach is used with case study research design. The results of the study reveals that various conflict transformation mechanisms are taken for peace initiatives to transform the existing conflict and primarily focused on agricultural development projects, conflict management through the government peace and security apparatus, conflict prevention through the government conflict early warning and response system, and resolution. Sources of conflict identified include grievances, animal raiding, land disputes, fishing rights, and competition over water and pasture resources. Efforts aimed at conflict transformation encompass resilience-building, rangeland management, NGOs interventions in peace dialogues, integration of pastoralism and agro-pastoralism with commercial agriculture, implementation of drought and conflict early warning systems, water resource management and development, range land rehabilitation, and provision of education to affected communities. While these activities have played a significant role in addressing conflicts and transforming relationships, they are deemed insufficient and inadequately executed for comprehensive conflict transformation. To conclude, the conflict transformation mechanisms used in the study area are taken as substantial for sustainable peace and promoting social cohesion among the communities. Using the various identified mechanisms of conflict transformation would fits to the conflict context of the area but the emphasis given by the government is very limited because of lack of inclusive strategic planning for conflict transformation. The study also suggested further investigation on the role of the realization of the right to adequate food in pastoralist and agro-pastoralist communities of the study area for conflict transformation. Keywords: Conflict transformation; Agro-pastoralism; Pastoralism; Natural resources; Peace; Agro- pastoralism; South Omo